see http://zawy1.blogspot.com/2015/11/im-going-to-order-following-plant.html
for updates
This is a list of the best compounds for reaching the human brain and slow or stop the accumulation of misfolding a-Syn. The first 4 have the added evidence that they work in humans by epidemiological studies. Most of the other compounds listed do not have epidemiological evidence because they are not consumed in large enough quantities, not because they are less effective. There is every good reason to believe most of these slow PD in humans.
This is not all the compounds that help PD. There are many others that alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, chelate iron, cause neurogenesis, improve mitochondria function, and reduce oxidation. This also does not include basic RDA nutrients that have also been shown to result in less PD in humans (vitamins A, D, B's, magnesium, and zinc).
Most people do not have the time, ability, and/or desire to really go through this list, let alone take more than 3 of them, so isolating what is best is important. My main point is to show PD research is extensive and succeeding. Most of this research in a-syn misfolding for these compounds has occurred in the just the past 3 to 5 years.
Also shown in human epidemiological work
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caffeine
nicotine
Black tea extract
EGCG (green tea extract)
grape seed extract
gallic acid (in tea, grapes, berries, bananas, 200 mg/kg in mice (2 g/day human) $10/kg made from nutgall)
Myricetin (in many plants, from bayberry bark, $50 to $750/kg)
Morin (mulberry, osage orange, guava)
apigenin (parsley, celery, chamomile, dandelion, $50/kg)
baicalein (skullcap, a purple flower plant, not available, great but appears not bioavailable)
Nordihydroguaiaretic (a stilbene, may not absorb, chaparral medicinal plant)
specific citrus compounds: naringin, tangeritin (expensive), HMF, morin, auraptene (VERY expensive)
less likely in one good paper, but still very possible
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Genistein (ginseng)
olive oil (ellagic acid)
Quercetin (e.g. apples)
Non-plant compounds
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rasagiline (pharmaceutical)
methylene blue (common chemical, not completely safe)
4-phenyl butyrate (BPA)
fisetin (in strawberries, reduces a-syn expression, not exactly its misfolding directly)
myricetin: vegetables, fruits, nuts, berries, tea, and is also found in red wine. Structurally similar to fisetin, luteolin, and quercetin and is reported to have many of the same functions as these other members of the flavonol class of flavonoids
references to FULL text articles:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22634381
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18258594
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21443877
rasagiline, methylene blue, BPA, baicalein
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925443911002250
baicalein only, but detailed a-syn misfolding:
http://www.jbc.org/content/283/16/10992.full
HMF (not on alibaba) and auraptene (very expensive, $10 per 10 mg?)
Ellagic acid interferes with a-syn and synphilin aggregations
Searches on nutrients that may alleviate protein misfolding problems (like a-syn) that can occur in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's.
nicotine
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12815102 (full)
nicotine and caffeine
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25081642
Grape Seed Extract (gallic acid)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24157371
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19221432 (full)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20653511
naringin and rutin
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22331747
tangerein (tangeritin)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23112876
ginseng
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24316034
heat shock proteins (hot baths and exercise)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15992180
Several polyphenols, phenothiazines, porphyrins, polyene macrolides, and Congo red and its derivatives, BSB and FSB, inhibited α-synuclein filament assembly with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Many compounds that inhibited á-synuclein assembly were also found to inhibit the formation of Aβ and tau filaments.
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